CARDAMOM AS A SOURCE OF POLYPHENOLS
Cardamom is known as the "Queen of Spices" since it is a high antioxidant herb (Abu-Taweel et al., 2018). Green cardamom has total phenolic levels ranging from 0.317 00-1.66 0.05 g/100 g and total flavonoids ranging from 11.33 0.03-4.63 0.12 g/100 g. According to these findings, green cardamom can be utilized as a substantial source of natural antioxidants (Bhatti et al., 2010).
The Follin-Ciocalteu reagent was used to determine the Total Phenolic Compounds (TPC) of extracts (Albano et al., 2011). Cardamom seeds, oils, and extracts are considered to have powerful therapeutic qualities and have been used in traditional medicine for generations (Prasath et al., 2001).
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There are some health benefits of cardamom:
• Cardamom may help reduce blood pressure because of its antioxidant and diuretic effects (Verma et al., 2009).
• A research in rats found that consuming cardamom powder reduced liver inflammation caused by a high carbohydrate and fat diet (Rahman et al., 2017).
• Cardamom has been found to lower the number and extent of stomach ulcers in rats, thus it may protect against digestive problems (Mutmainah et al., 2014).
Cardamom As A Source OF FLAVONOIDS
FLAVONOIDS
Flavonoids are a class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites and thus commonly consumed in the diet of humans. They can be classified into flavone or bioflavonoid, isoflavonoids and neo flavonoids.
Under stress condition reactive oxygen species or free radicals are produced in our body that lead to the numerous diseases such as aging, autoimmune disorder, cardiovascular disease ,cancer etc .Study shows that cardamom powder can increase the activity of certain enzyme that help to fight cancer .In one study researcher exposed two groups of mice to a compound that causes skin cancer and fed one group 500 mg of ground cardamom per kg (227 mg per pound) of weight per day. After 12 week only 29% of the group who ate the cardamom developed cancer compared to over 90% of the control group. Antioxidant property of cardamom reduce the synthesis of reactive oxygen species in our body. Ethanol and ethyl acetate extract of cardamom that contain flavonoids and have antioxidant activity show higher correlation with ethanol extract as compared to ethyl acetate extract. Antioxidant property of cardamom may lower the blood pressure. In one study researcher gave 3 gram of cardamom powder a day to 20 adult who were newly diagnosed with high blood pressure after 12 weeks blood pressure levels have significantly decrease to the normal range, this promising result is due to the antioxidant property of cardamom.
Cardamom is rich in compound that may fight inflammation. Inflammation occur when your body is exposed to foreign substance. Antioxidant property of cardamom protect cell from damage and stop inflammation from occurring. One study shows that cardamom extract inhibit at least four different inflammatory compound. Another study shows that eating cardamom powder decrease liver inflammation. Cardamom powder protect against digestive issues and has been shown to reduce the number and size of stomach ulcer. Cardamom extract and their essential oils have some compounds that fight several common strains of bacteria and reduce bacterial infection.
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